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\n-ALINTIDIR- Yazar BENG\u0130SU \u00d6NAL<\/p>\n
\n-ALINTIDIR- Yazar BENG\u0130SU \u00d6NAL<\/p>\n
MUSTAFA KEMAL ATAT\u00dcRK VE T\u00dcRK OCAKLARI*<\/strong><\/p>\n Tahir KODAL**<\/strong><\/p>\n A- M\u0130LL\u00ce M\u00dcCADELE D\u00d6NEM\u0130NDE MUSTAFA KEMAL ATAT\u00dcRK VE<\/p>\n T\u00dcRK OCAKLARI<\/p>\n \u0130tilaf Devletleri, Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019ni, ve T\u00fcrk milletini ortadan kald\u0131rmak, Anadolu\u2019da etkisiz hale getirmek, amac\u0131yla T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi i\u015fgal etmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n Ya\u015fanan b\u00fct\u00fcn bu olaylara do\u011fru te\u015fhis koyan ve \u201ctam ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k\u201d anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 benimsemi\u015f olan Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk ve arkada\u015flar\u0131, \u0130stanbul\u2019da Y\u00fcksek Komiserli\u011fi kurularak \u0130ngiliz yanl\u0131s\u0131 Tevfik Pa\u015fa Kabinesi\u2019nin iktidara getirilmesi \u00fczerine, \u0130stanbul\u2019da kalarak, Anadolu\u2019yu merkeze alan, tam ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z yeni bir T\u00fcrk devletinin kurulmas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olamayaca\u011f\u0131na karar vermi\u015flerdir. Bunun \u00fczerine, Anadolu\u2019ya ge\u00e7mek ve Mill\u00ee M\u00fccadele\u2019nin yanmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck k\u0131v\u0131lc\u0131mlar\u0131n me\u015faleye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesi gereklili\u011fi ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u0130\u015fgaller kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda kendi vatan\u0131n\u0131, can\u0131n\u0131, namusunu ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korumak amac\u0131yla \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmi\u015f, Kuv\u00e2-y\u0131 Mill\u00eeye hareketini ba\u015flatm\u0131\u015f ve sava\u015f yap\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir T\u00fcrk devletine sahip olunamayaca\u011f\u0131 anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 benimsemi\u015f olan \u201cmilliyetperver\u201d insanlar, Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn Anadolu\u2019ya ge\u00e7mesiyle onun arkas\u0131nda yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrk Oca\u011f\u0131 veya T\u00fcrk ocakl\u0131lar da bu yer alm\u0131\u015f gruptad\u0131r, Mill\u00ee M\u00fccadele\u2019ye ba\u015f\u0131ndan itibaren destek vermi\u015ftir. Bunda Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn asker\u00ee okullardan itibaren alm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu e\u011fitimin, kendisini vatanperver veya milliyetperver olarak nitelendirmesinin, \u201chepimiz Ziya G\u00f6kalp\u2019in manev\u00ee evlatlar\u0131yd\u0131k s\u00f6zlerinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan Ziya G\u00f6kalp ve T\u00fcrk Oca\u011f\u0131 etkisinin, T\u00fcrk Oca\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n savundu\u011fu ve varmak istedi\u011fi hedef ile Mustafa Kemal\u2019in ula\u015fmak istedi\u011fi hedefin \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fmesinin b\u00fcy\u00fck etkisi olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131 aktif politikaya girmemeyi ilke olarak benimsemesine ra\u011fmen, i\u015fgallerden hemen sonra hem emperyalist devletlere, hem de mill\u00ee ve \u015ferefli bir politika takip etmeyen \u0130stanbul H\u00fck\u00fcmeti\u2019ne kar\u015f\u0131 tav\u0131r almak ve g\u00fcnl\u00fck politikan\u0131n i\u00e7erisinde yer almak durumunda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bu ba\u011flamda, \u0130zmir\u2019in i\u015fgalinden hemen sonra, T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131 ve Karakol Cemiyeti taraf\u0131ndan \u0130stanbul Fatih ve Sultanahmet\u2019te bir dizi protesto mitingi d\u00fczenlendi\u011finden, bu ba\u011flamdaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara devam edilmi\u015f, Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn iste\u011fi \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde bu mitinglerin yap\u0131lmas\u0131na devam edilmi\u015f, en bilineni ve b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 6 Haziran 1919\u2019da ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir Di\u011fer milliyetperver kurulu\u015flarla T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131n\u0131n ortakla\u015fa d\u00fczenledikleri geni\u015f kat\u0131l\u0131ml\u0131 ve T\u00fcrk Oca\u011f\u0131 \u00fcyesi Halide Edip Ad\u0131var\u2019\u0131n ate\u015fli konu\u015fmalar yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 miting \u00f6nemli bir etki yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130stanbul H\u00fck\u00fcmeti ve \u0130tilaf Devletleri bu mitingden rahats\u0131zl\u0131k duymu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n Ba\u015fta \u0130stanbul olmak \u00fczere \u015fubeleri h\u0131zla artan T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131 sadece i\u015fgalleri protesto eden mitingler yaparak \u00a0Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019e sadece buna destek vermemi\u015f, Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk Samsun\u2019a \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 andan itibaren Meclis-i Meb\u00fbsan\u2019\u0131n toplanmas\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrekli olarak dile getirdi\u011finden, T\u00fcrk Oca\u011f\u0131 da buna destek vermi\u015f, milletvekili se\u00e7imleri ile ilgilenmi\u015f, se\u00e7imlerim yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ve Meclis-i Meb\u00fbsan\u2019a \u201cmilliyetperver (milletini seven)\u201d insanlar\u0131n girmesi i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar y\u00fcr\u00fctm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar sonras\u0131nda Mill\u00ee T\u00fcrk F\u0131rkas\u0131 (Partisi) kurulmu\u015f, se\u00e7imlere girme hakk\u0131 kazanm\u0131\u015f ve Hamdullah Suphi Tanr\u0131\u00f6ver\u2019in milletvekili olmas\u0131 sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn takip etmi\u015f oldu\u011fu \u201ctam ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k\u201d anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 veya politikas\u0131n\u0131 destekleyen, her konuda destek veren T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131 k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra \u0130stanbul\u2019u denetimi alt\u0131nda alan \u0130tilaf Devletleri\u2019nin u\u011fra\u015f alan\u0131 haline gelmi\u015ftir. \u0130zmir\u2019in i\u015fgalini protesto i\u00e7in \u0130stanbul\u2019da d\u00fczenlenen \u00fcnl\u00fc Fatih ve Sultanahmet mitinglerine T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131 \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etti\u011finden, \u0130ngilizlerin ilk i\u015fgaline u\u011frayan yerlerden biri T\u00fcrk Oca\u011f\u0131 Merkezi ve \u015fubeleri olmu\u015ftur. \u0130ngilizler 12 Mart 1920\u2019de, daha resmen \u0130stanbul\u2019u i\u015fgal etmeden birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn \u00f6nce, ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmi\u015f olduklar\u0131 i\u015fgalde T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131n\u0131n evraklar\u0131na, kitaplar\u0131na ve koleksiyonlar\u0131na el konulmu\u015ftur. \u00dcyelerinden ve y\u00f6neticilerinden bir \u00e7o\u011fu Malta\u2019ya s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilmi\u015flerdir. K\u0131ymetli evraklar\u0131, bir \u00e7o\u011fu fedak\u00e2r ocakl\u0131lar\u0131n evlerinde saklanarak kurtar\u0131labilmi\u015ftir. B\u00fct\u00fcn bu takip ve bask\u0131lara ra\u011fmen, da\u011f\u0131lmayan ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na devam eden T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131, durumu Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019e bildirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk durumun yabanc\u0131 el\u00e7ilikler nezdinde protesto edilmesi, ayr\u0131ca protesto mitingleri tertiplenmesi tavsiyesinde bulunmu\u015ftur. Bir taraftan Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu tavsiyelere uyarken, di\u011fer taraftan da Anadolu\u2019ya ge\u00e7me \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131na uyarak, Mill\u00ee M\u00fccadele\u2019ye kat\u0131lmak i\u00e7in gizlice Anadolu\u2019ya ge\u00e7mi\u015flerdir. Hamdullah Suphi, Halide Edip, M\u00fcfide Ferit, Ahmet Ferit, H\u00fcseyin Rag\u0131p, Ahmet Agayef, Yusuf Ak\u00e7ura, Mehmet Emin (Yurdakul) gibi T\u00fcrk Ocakl\u0131lar Karadeniz \u0130nebolu-Ankara yoluyla Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn yan\u0131nda yer alm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk \u201cmilliyetperver\u201d insanlar\u0131n Ankara\u2019ya gelmesinden ve kendisine destek olmas\u0131ndan son derece mutlu olmu\u015ftur. T\u00fcrk Ocakl\u0131lar, Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn etraf\u0131nda bir fikir halkas\u0131 olu\u015fturmu\u015flar, O\u2019na her konuda destek olmu\u015flard\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda; Kaz\u0131m Karabekir, Hamdullah Suphi, Re\u015fit Galip, Mustafa Necati, Mahmut Esat, Vas\u0131f \u00c7\u0131nar, Celal Sahir, Ru\u015fen E\u015fref, Veled \u00c7elebi, Besim Atalay, Tunal\u0131 Hilmi ve \u0130zzet Ulvi gibi ate\u015fli ve mill\u00ee amaca inanm\u0131\u015f T\u00fcrk Ocakl\u0131 milliyetperver insanlar yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n B- CUMHUR\u0130YET D\u00d6NEM\u0130NDE MUSTAFA KEMAL ATAT\u00dcRK VE T\u00dcRK<\/strong><\/p>\n OCAKLARI<\/strong><\/p>\n Mill\u00ee m\u00fccadele d\u00f6neminin zor \u015fartlar\u0131 nedeniyle baz\u0131 \u015fubeleri kapat\u0131lan ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yava\u015flam\u0131\u015f olan T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131, Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn deste\u011fi ile 29 Aral\u0131k 1922\u2019de yeniden canlanm\u0131\u015f,<\/p>\n M\u00fcdafaa-\u0131 Hukuk Cemiyeti\u2019nin topland\u0131\u011f\u0131 salonda T\u00fcrk Ocakl\u0131lar toplanm\u0131\u015f, bir kalpak i\u00e7erisinde numaralar \u00e7ekilmi\u015f ve Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019e 1 numara verilmi\u015ftir. B\u00f6ylece, T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131 yeni bir heyecanla yeniden \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f, Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk Ankara\u2019da T\u00fcrk Oca\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00fcyesi yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn T\u00fcrk Oca\u011f\u0131\u2019na \u00fcye olmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131n\u0131n hem \u00fcye, hem de \u015fube say\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7o\u011falm\u0131\u015f, Ankara T\u00fcrk Oca\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131n\u0131 Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn arkada\u015flar\u0131, milletvekilleri, yazarlar ve \u00f6\u011fretmenler olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur. Hatta k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra en kalabal\u0131k dernek T\u00fcrk Oca\u011f\u0131 olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n \u00d6zellikle Cumhuriyetin ilan edilmesi, devlet ve toplum hayat\u0131na ili\u015fkin k\u00f6kl\u00fc de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin yap\u0131lmaya ba\u015flamas\u0131 \u00fczerine, ba\u015fta Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk olmak \u00fczere, hemen hemen b\u00fct\u00fcn T\u00fcrk ocakl\u0131lar, T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131n\u0131 yeni rejimin benimsenmesi, kabul g\u00f6rmesi ve tabana yay\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00fczerine yaslan\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken kurumlar ve g\u00fc\u00e7 olarak g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015fler, yo\u011fun bir ilgi g\u00f6stermi\u015fler, madd\u00ee ve manev\u00ee destek sa\u011flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131n\u0131n resm\u00ee yay\u0131n organ\u0131 olan T\u00fcrk Yurdu Dergisi Mart 1923\u2019te yeniden \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lmaya ba\u015flay\u0131nca, \u201cT\u00fcrk Yurdu, yeni T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye istinatg\u00e2h olan fikirleri takviye ve ne\u015fir edecektir. Vaktiyle oldu\u011fu gibi T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n hars\u00ee ve ilm\u00ee faaliyetlerini tespit edecek, T\u00fcrk milletinin hars\u00ee (k\u00fclt\u00fcrel) birli\u011fine \u00e7al\u0131\u015facakt\u0131r. \u2018\u2019<\/p>\n T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 dile getirerek, T\u00fcrk ocakl\u0131 oldu\u011funu her f\u0131rsatta ifade etmi\u015ftir. Cumhuriyetin ilan\u0131ndan \u00f6nce ve sonra \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu yurt gezilerinde \u00f6zellikle T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131n\u0131 ziyaret etmi\u015f, yeni T\u00fcrk devleti ve milleti a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bir\u00e7ok \u00f6nemli konu\u015fmay\u0131 buralarda yapm\u0131\u015f, ocaklar\u0131n \u015feref defterlerine onurland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 yaz\u0131lar yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131n\u0131 ziyaretleri, o g\u00fcn\u00fcn protokol ziyaretleri gibi alg\u0131lanmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Gitti\u011fi yerlerde kar\u015f\u0131lama t\u00f6renlerinin yap\u0131lmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde, halk onun gitti\u011fi yerlere y\u0131\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, \u00f6zellikle gen\u00e7ler Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn yan\u0131ndan ayr\u0131lmam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bu ziyaretler bir zorunluluktan olmam\u0131\u015f, her iki taraf\u0131n varmak istedi\u011fi hedefin ayn\u0131 olmas\u0131 ve bundan ho\u015fnut olunmas\u0131 nedenleriyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n 15 Mart 1923\u2019te Adana T\u00fcrk Oca\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131 ziyareti sonras\u0131nda hat\u0131ra defterine, \u201cAdana, T\u00fcrkl\u00fck nurunun feyyaz menba\u0131 olsun. Bu oca\u011f\u0131n ate\u015fi \u00e7ok, pek \u00e7ok eskidir. O\u2019nu as\u0131rlarca, s\u00f6nd\u00fcrmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktan uzak kalmad\u0131lar. Fakat buna her giri\u015fenin oca\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6nd\u00fc. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc o m\u00fcte\u015febbisler d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fcyorlard\u0131 ki, Adana en asil T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131zg\u0131n ate\u015fleriyle tenmiye olunmu\u015ftur. Oca\u011f\u0131n bug\u00fcnk\u00fc nuru ve alevi her kalbi ayd\u0131nlat\u0131yor\u2026\u201d yazarak, T\u00fcrk Oca\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7ok k\u00f6kl\u00fc bir kurulu\u015f oldu\u011funu, Cumhuriyetin ilk y\u0131llar\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir i\u015flevi yerine getirdi\u011fini, T\u00fcrk Oca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n herkesi ayd\u0131nlatmak gibi bir g\u00f6revinin bulundu\u011funu dile getirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Cumhuriyetin ilan\u0131ndan sonraki s\u00fcre\u00e7te T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131, Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn bu iste\u011fi do\u011frultusunda e\u011fitim, k\u00fclt\u00fcr, sanat \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na h\u0131z vermi\u015ftir. Bu ba\u011flamda; halk e\u011fitimine y\u00f6nelik faaliyetler yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, \u00e7e\u015fitli sanat, k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve e\u011fitim etkinliklerine kat\u0131lan halk, bir yenili\u011fi burada g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f, ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f ve etkinliklere kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Ankara T\u00fcrk Oca\u011f\u0131 salonunda yeni ya\u015fama bi\u00e7imini sembolize eden kad\u0131nla erke\u011fin bir arada oldu\u011fu, e\u011flendi\u011fi balolar\u0131n d\u00fczenlenmesi, seksen be\u015f ki\u015fiden olu\u015fan \u00e7ok sesli Bat\u0131 m\u00fczi\u011fini icra eden Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Orkestaras\u0131\u2019yla tan\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 T\u00fcrk Oca\u011f\u0131 b\u00fcnyesinde olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6stermi\u015f oldu\u011fu ilgi ve yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu destek, sadece ki\u015fisel olarak kalmam\u0131\u015f, k\u0131sa zamanda devlet politikas\u0131 h\u00e2lini alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 24 Aral\u0131k 1923\u2019te 164 Milletvekilinin imzas\u0131yla TBMM\u2019ne sunulan \u00f6nergede; T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fte yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar anlat\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra, Ankara\u2019da T\u00fcrk Oca\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu ve \u201cemv\u00e2l-i metr\u00fbkeden olan\u201d binan\u0131n, T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131na tahsis edilmesi istenmi\u015ftir. Bu \u00f6nergenin TBMM\u2019de kabul\u00fcnden sonra, T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131na d\u00fczenli madd\u00ee gelir sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla, Reji \u0130daresi her y\u0131l 3.000 lira ay\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Yap\u0131lan hem madd\u00ee, hem de manev\u00ee destekler sonras\u0131nda, Cumhuriyetin ilan\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinden daha 1 y\u0131l ge\u00e7meden, T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 71\u2019e ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk 24 Nisan 1924\u2019te Ankara\u2019da ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131 Kurultay\u0131\u2019nda delegelerden olu\u015fan bir heyeti kabul\u00fcnde, \u201c\u2026yeni T\u00fcrk Devleti\u2019nin kurulu\u015funda en \u00e7ok T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131na g\u00fcvendi\u011fini\u2026\u201d dile getirmi\u015ftir. Bu da Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn T\u00fcrk Oca\u011f\u0131 ile olan ili\u015fkisini ve T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131na g\u00fcvenini ortaya koymas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde bu kongre nedeniyle, Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk, \u201cmilletin Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk ve T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131 yine m\u00fcstakbel \u00fcmitleri T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131 etraf\u0131nda toplanm\u0131\u015f olan T\u00fcrk gen\u00e7li\u011fine matuftur.\u201ddemi\u015f, T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131na vermi\u015f oldu\u011fu \u00f6nemi bir kez daha belirtmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Milli mefkureye derneklerin birle\u015ftirilmesi iste\u011fiyle 2 Aral\u0131k 1924\u2019te 1117 numaral\u0131 Bakanlar Kurulu Karar\u0131 ile T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131 kamu yarar\u0131na \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan dernekler stat\u00fcs\u00fcne al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ve vil\u00e2yetlere bildirilmi\u015ftir.B\u00f6ylece, T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131 Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn deste\u011fi ile \u00f6nemli bir n\u00fcfuz elde etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131 kamu yarar\u0131na \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan dernek stat\u00fcs\u00fcne kavu\u015ftuktan sonra, Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk, T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131 Genel Kurultay\u0131 delegelerinin temsilcilerini kabul etmi\u015f ve yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 konu\u015fmalarda, T\u00fcrk Devleti\u2019nin y\u00fccelmesi ve ink\u0131l\u00e2plar\u0131n halka anlat\u0131lmas\u0131nda ocaklar\u0131n rol\u00fcn\u00fc vurgulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te, T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131 Kongresine kat\u0131lan delegelerin \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 milletvekilleri, b\u00fcrokraside \u00f6n planda olanlar, ayd\u0131nlar ve gazeteciler meydana getirmi\u015ftir. Bun da Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 tutumu ve iyi ili\u015fkileri etkili olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn T\u00fcrk Oca\u011f\u0131\u2019na madd\u00ee ve manev\u00ee yard\u0131m\u0131 devam etmi\u015f, bu kapsamda 3 May\u0131s 1925\u2019te T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131na madd\u00ee yard\u0131m karar\u0131 al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f, Ayr\u0131ca, Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131yla kurmu\u015f oldu\u011fu iyi ili\u015fki oca\u011f\u0131n resm\u00ee yay\u0131n organ\u0131 T\u00fcrk Yurdu Dergisi\u2019nde de s\u0131k s\u0131k yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin derginin Ekim 1925\u2019teki say\u0131s\u0131nda Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn Bursa T\u00fcrk Oca\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131 ziyaretine ve yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu konu\u015fmaya geni\u015f bir \u015fekilde yer verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Cumhuriyetin ilk ve zor y\u0131llar\u0131nda Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk ile T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011f hi\u00e7 kopmam\u0131\u015f, giderek kuvvetlenmi\u015ftir. Bunun en \u00f6nemli g\u00f6stergelerinden biri, Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn 26 Nisan 1926\u2019da Ankara T\u00fcrk Oca\u011f\u0131\u2019nda yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131klamad\u0131r. Bu a\u00e7\u0131klamada; T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndan memnun oldu\u011funu, \u201c\u2026ink\u0131laplar\u0131n anlat\u0131lmas\u0131nda ocaklar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck hizmetleri oldu\u011funu\u2019\u2019 dile getirmi\u015f, bir anlamda kendini de tan\u0131mlarken, \u201cBiz do\u011frudan do\u011fruya milliyetperveriz ve T\u00fcrk milliyet\u00e7isiyiz. Cumhuriyetimizin dayana\u011f\u0131 T\u00fcrk toplulu\u011fudur. Bu toplulu\u011fun efr\u00e2d\u0131 (fertleri) ne kadar T\u00fcrk hars\u0131yla (k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcyle) me\u015fbu olursa o toplulu\u011fa istinat eden Cumhuriyet de kuvvetli olur. T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131 teess\u00fcsleri tarihinden itibaren \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek hizmetler ifa etmi\u015flerdir. Bu mesaide devam ediniz\u2026\u201d diyerek, T\u00fcrk Ocakl\u0131lar\u0131n ayn\u0131 h\u0131z ve \u015fevkle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na devam etmesini istemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Ayn\u0131 zamanda Cumhuriyet d\u00f6neminde T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131n\u0131n kurumsalla\u015fmas\u0131na da \u00f6zen g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Bu ba\u011flamda Ankara\u2019da T\u00fcrk Oca\u011f\u0131 Merkez Binas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n yap\u0131m\u0131na proje a\u015famas\u0131ndan itibaren katk\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015f, binan\u0131n projesini sulu boya resminden be\u011fenip onaylam\u0131\u015f, binada T\u00fcrk s\u00fcslemelerinin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ve T\u00fcrk i\u015f\u00e7ilerin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 istemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n IV. Kurultay\u0131 \u00fcyelerini Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk 28 Nisan 1927\u2019de kabul etmi\u015f, din\u00ee, mill\u00ee ve l\u00e2ik e\u011fitim \u00fczerine bir tak\u0131m a\u00e7\u0131klamalarda bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk, T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131n\u0131 Cumhuriyet rejimine ba\u011fl\u0131, \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f ve ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr milliyet\u00e7ili\u011finin i\u015flendi\u011fi, bunun yay\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan kurulu\u015flar haline getirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1927 y\u0131l\u0131na gelindi\u011finde T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131 Kanunu\u2019nda baz\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fiklikler yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 istemi\u015f ve bu amaca ili\u015fkin maddeler yeniden d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Buna g\u00f6re; \u201cMadde 2-T\u00fcrk Oca\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n amac\u0131, mill\u00ee bilincin kuvvetlenmesi, uygar ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ilerleme, mill\u00ee ekonominin geli\u015fmesidir. Madde 3-Cumhuriyet, milliyet\u00e7ilik, \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f uygarl\u0131k ve halk\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k \u00fclk\u00fclerini izleyen T\u00fcrk Oca\u011f\u0131, bu \u00fclk\u00fcleri ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmekte Cumhuriyet Halk F\u0131rkas\u0131 ile devlet siyasas\u0131nda (siyasetinde) beraberdir. T\u00fcrk Oca\u011f\u0131, bu \u00fclk\u00fcleri yaymak ve a\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in bilim, hars ve toplum alan\u0131nda m\u00fccadele eder, \u00e7aba g\u00f6sterir.\u201d denilerek, bir anlamda T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131n\u0131n yeni g\u00f6rev tan\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131 bu d\u00fczenleme ile Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi ile birlikte hareket etmesi istenilen, sosyal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr i\u015fleri ile u\u011fra\u015fan kurumlar haline getirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n \u00c7ankaya K\u00f6\u015fk\u00fc\u2019nde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen yemekli toplant\u0131larda Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk zaman zaman T\u00fcrk Ocakl\u0131 ayd\u0131nlarla, yazarlarla, b\u00fcrokrasiden isimlerle, \u015fairlerle bir araya gelmi\u015f, onlar\u0131 s\u00fcrekli yeni fikirlerle y\u00f6nlendirmi\u015f, yeni devletin ve toplumun, milletin tarihini ve edebiyat\u0131n\u0131 bunlarla birlikte olu\u015fturmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n 27 Nisan 1930\u2019da T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131 Umum\u00ee Kurultay\u2019\u0131na bizzat kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, delegelerle g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f, yeni T\u00fcrk Tarih Tezini burada ortaya atm\u0131\u015f, \u201c \u2026b\u00fcy\u00fck devletler kuran ecdad\u0131m\u0131z, b\u00fcy\u00fck ve kapsaml\u0131 medeniyetlere de sahip olmu\u015ftur. Bunu aramak, tetkik etmek, T\u00fcrkl\u00fc\u011fe ve cihana bildirmek bizler i\u00e7in bor\u00e7tur diyerek, T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrk Tarihini b\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl bir yakla\u015f\u0131mla inceleme ve ortaya koyma g\u00f6revini dile getirmi\u015ftir. Bu ba\u011flamda, T\u00fcrk tarihinin belli ilkeler do\u011frultusunda ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n, yaz\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n ve kurumsalla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n zaman\u0131n\u0131n geldi\u011fini dile getirerek, bu ama\u00e7la T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131 Kanunu\u2019nda de\u011fi\u015fiklik yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, \u201cT\u00fcrk Oca\u011f\u0131 Tetkik Cemiyeti\u201d kurulmu\u015f, bir anlamda T\u00fcrk Tarih Kurumu\u2019nun kurulmas\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ba\u015flat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, konu\u015fmas\u0131nda; \u201c\u2026son seyahatimde ziyaret etti\u011fim b\u00fct\u00fcn ocaklarda beni \u00e7ok memnun eden bir faaliyete, canl\u0131l\u0131\u011fa \u015fahit oldum. Bilhassa T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131n\u0131n bulunduklar\u0131 merkezlerde faydal\u0131 bir tak\u0131m hizmetlerle halk \u00fczerinde \u00e7ok m\u00fcsait bir tesir b\u0131rakt\u0131klar\u0131na \u015fahit oldum\u2026\u201d diyerek, T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131ndan ho\u015fnut oldu\u011funu dile getirmi\u015f, T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131n\u0131n halk \u00fczerindeki etkinli\u011fini belirtmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Ankara merkezli yeni T\u00fcrk Devleti\u2019nin kurulmas\u0131 ve Cumhuriyetin ilan edilmesinden sonra, devlet ve toplum hayat\u0131na ili\u015fkin k\u00f6kl\u00fc de\u011fi\u015fiklikler yap\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunlar yap\u0131l\u0131rken, T\u00fcrk Oca\u011f\u0131 ve T\u00fcrk Ocakl\u0131lar yeni rejimin benimsenmesi, kabul g\u00f6rmesi ve tabana yay\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00fczerine yaslan\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken kurumlar ve insanlar olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk, T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131n\u0131 Cumhuriyet rejimine ba\u011fl\u0131, \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f ve ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr milliyet\u00e7ili\u011finin i\u015flendi\u011fi, bunun yay\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan kurulu\u015flar haline getirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f, Cumhuriyetin ilk ve zor y\u0131llar\u0131nda T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131 ve ocakl\u0131lar\u0131 ile ba\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hi\u00e7 koparmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak, 1931 y\u0131l\u0131na gelindi\u011finde T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131 tarihinde yeni bir d\u00f6nemi ba\u015flatm\u0131\u015f, CHP ve T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131n\u0131n beraber, ayn\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131 alt\u0131nda ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr \u015fubesi olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 istemi\u015ftir. Bu anlay\u0131\u015fla, 24 Mart 1931\u2019de T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131 ile CHP\u2019nin birle\u015ftirilme karar\u0131n\u0131 alm\u0131\u015f, T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131n\u0131n 10 Nisan 1931\u2019de yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc toplant\u0131s\u0131nda; T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131n\u0131n kapat\u0131l\u0131p, mallar\u0131n\u0131n CHP\u2019ye devredilmesi kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece, T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131 tarihinde yeni bir d\u00f6neme girilmi\u015f, daha sonra da T\u00fcrk Ocaklar\u0131 Halkevlerine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n *Bu bildiri Tahir KODAL\u2019\u0131n makalesi temelinde yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" -ALINTIDIR- Yazar BENG\u0130SU \u00d6NAL MUSTAFA KEMAL ATAT\u00dcRK VE T\u00dcRK OCAKLARI* Tahir KODAL** A- M\u0130LL\u00ce M\u00dcCADELE D\u00d6NEM\u0130NDE MUSTAFA KEMAL ATAT\u00dcRK VE T\u00dcRK OCAKLARI \u0130tilaf Devletleri, Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019ni, ve T\u00fcrk milletini ortadan kald\u0131rmak, Anadolu\u2019da etkisiz hale getirmek, amac\u0131yla T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi i\u015fgal etmi\u015flerdir. Ya\u015fanan b\u00fct\u00fcn bu olaylara do\u011fru te\u015fhis koyan ve \u201ctam ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k\u201d anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 benimsemi\u015f olan Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":292,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-291","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-basin-yayin","category-haber"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/antalyaturkocagi.com\/public_html\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/291","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/antalyaturkocagi.com\/public_html\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/antalyaturkocagi.com\/public_html\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antalyaturkocagi.com\/public_html\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antalyaturkocagi.com\/public_html\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=291"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/antalyaturkocagi.com\/public_html\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/291\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":293,"href":"https:\/\/antalyaturkocagi.com\/public_html\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/291\/revisions\/293"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antalyaturkocagi.com\/public_html\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/292"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/antalyaturkocagi.com\/public_html\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=291"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antalyaturkocagi.com\/public_html\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=291"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antalyaturkocagi.com\/public_html\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=291"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}